temple

英 ['temp(ə)l] 美 ['tɛmpl]

CET4TEM4考研TOEFLCET6

解释

n. 庙宇；寺院；神殿；太阳穴
n. (Temple)人名；(法)唐普勒；(英)坦普尔

※ 提供单词"temple"的中文意思、发音示范及音标对照，中英文词源、例句和用法等。

中文词源

temple 庙宇，寺院，神殿

来自古英语 tempel,庙宇，来自拉丁语 templum,圣地，神圣之地，可能来自 PIE*tem,砍，切，分开，词源同 tome,anatomy.比喻用法，即与世俗隔开的地方。

英文词源

temple: temple: Temple for worship [OE] and temple at the side of the head [14] are distinct words. The former was borrowed from Latin templum, which originated as a term relating to divination, used by priests in ancient times. It denoted a space marked out or ‘cut’ out as suitable for making observations on which auguries were based – some say a space marked out on the ground, others a section of the night sky.

It probably came ultimately from the base *tem- ‘cut’, which also produced Greek témein ‘cut’ and the English suffix -tomy ‘surgical cutting’. It has found its way into most western European languages, including German, Dutch, Swedish, and Danish tempel and Welsh teml as well as the Romance languages. Temple ‘area at the side of the head’ comes via Old French temple from Vulgar Latin *tempula, an alteration of tempora, the plural of Latin tempus.

This of course originally meant ‘time’ (English gets temporary from it), and it seems that the sense ‘area at the side of the head’ arose via an intermediate ‘appropriate time, proper period’, hence ‘right place (for dealing someone a fatal blow)’.
=> tome; temporary
temple (n.1): "building for worship, edifice dedicated to the service of a deity or deities," Old English tempel, from Latin templum "piece of ground consecrated for the taking of auspices, building for worship of a god," of uncertain signification. Commonly referred to PIE root *tem- "to cut" (see tome), on notion of "place reserved or cut out" [Watkins], or to root *temp- "to stretch" [Klein's sources], on notion of "cleared space in front of an altar" (see tenet). Compare Greek temenos "sacred area around a temple," literally "place cut off," from stem of temnein "to cut." Figurative sense of "any place regarded as occupied by divine presence" was in Old English. Applied to Jewish synagogues from 1590s.
temple (n.2): "side of the forehead," mid-14c., from Old French temple "side of the forehead" (11c.), from Vulgar Latin *tempula (plural taken as fem. singular), from Latin tempora, plural of tempus (genitive temporis) "side of the forehead," perhaps originally "the thin stretch of skin at the side of the forehead," from PIE *temp- "to stretch," an extension of the root *ten- "to stretch" (see tenet), from the notion of "stretched," thus "thin," which is the notion in cognate Old English ðunwange, literally "thin cheek." Or possibly associated with tempus span "timely space" (for a mortal blow with a sword).

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例句和用法

1. No one carrying arms is allowed within the precincts of a temple.: 携带武器者不得进入神殿的界域。

2. They fanned out and carefully combed the temple grounds.: 他们呈扇形散开，在寺庙周围仔细搜寻。

3. We went to the temple of Atlantis and saw it by moonlight.: 我们去了亚特兰蒂斯神殿，在月光下游览了一番。

4. She caught a clear view upwards of the spotlit temple.: 她抬头清楚地看到了被聚光灯照得通明的寺庙。

5. The chanting inside the temple stopped.: 寺庙内的诵经声停了。