sweat

英 [swet] 美 [swɛt]

CET4TEM4考研CET6

解释

vt. 使出汗；流出；使干苦活；剥削；藉出汗减轻；焦急地期待
n. 汗；水珠；焦急；苦差使
vi. 出汗；辛苦工作；懊恼；结水珠

※ 提供单词"sweat"的中文意思、发音示范及音标对照，中英文词源、例句和用法等。

中文词源

sweat 汗水，汗珠，出汗，流汗

来自古英语 swat,流汗，出汗，来自 Proto-Germanic*swatitaz,汗水，来自 PIE*sweid,汗水，词源同 exude,sudorific.引申诸相关词义。

英文词源

sweat: sweat: [OE] Sweat is part of a widespread family of ‘sweat’-words that goes back ultimately to the prehistoric Indo-European base *sweid-, *swoid-. Other members include Greek hidrós, Latin sūdor (source of English exude [16]), Welsh chwys, Latvian sviēdri, and Sanskrit svédas. Amongst its Germanic descendants was *swaitjan, which evolved into German schweissen ‘weld’, Dutch zweeten ‘sweat’, and English sweat. Swot [19] originated as a dialectal variant of sweat.
=> exude, swot
sweat (v.): Old English swætan "perspire," also "work hard," from Proto-Germanic *swaitjan "to sweat," from the source of sweat (n.). Compare Frisian swette, Dutch zweeten, Danish svede, German schwitzen. Meaning "to be worried, vexed" is recorded from c. 1400. Transitive sense is from late 14c. Related: Sweated; sweating. Sweating sickness was a sudden, often-fatal fever, accompanied by intense sweating, that struck England 1485 and returned periodically through mid-16c., described in the original citation (a chronicle from 1502) as "a grete deth and hasty."
sweat (n.): Old English swat "perspiration, moisture exuded from the skin," also "labor, that which causes sweat," from Proto-Germanic *swaitaz "sweat" (cognates: Old Saxon, Old Frisian swet, Old Norse sveiti, Danish sved "sweat," Swedish svett, Middle Dutch sweet, Dutch zweet, Old High German sweiz, German Schweiß), from PIE *sweid- (2) "to sweat" (cognates: Sanskrit svedah "sweat," Avestan xvaeda- "sweat," Greek hidros "sweat, perspiration," Latin sudor, Lettish swiedri, Welsh chwys "sweat").

A widespread set of Slavic words (Polish, Russian pot "sweat") is from Old Church Slavonic potu, related to peku "heat," cognate with Latin coquere.

The Old English noun became Middle English swote, but later altered to the current form under the influence of the verb. Sweat of (one's) brow as a symbol of toil is from Gen. iii:19. Sweat equity is from 1968. Colloquial no sweat "no problem" attested from 1963.

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例句和用法

1. Do you sweat a lot or flush a lot?: 你常出汗或是脸上常发烫吗？

2. She looked up at me with pinpricks of sweat along her hairline.: 她抬头看了我一眼，发际渗出细密的汗珠。

3. He awoke from his sleep in a cold sweat.: 他从睡梦中醒来，浑身冒着冷汗。

4. Both horse and rider were dripping with sweat within five minutes.: 没过五分钟，马和骑手都大汗淋漓。

5. He wiped away the beads of sweat on his forehead.: 他擦去了额头上的汗珠。