strike

英 [straɪk] 美 [straɪk]

CET4TEM4考研TOEFLCET6

解释

vi. 打，打击；罢工；敲，敲击；抓；打动；穿透
vt. 打，击；罢工；撞击，冲击；侵袭；打动；到达
n. 罢工；打击；殴打
n. (Strike)人名；(英)斯特赖克

※ 提供单词"strike"的中文意思、发音示范及音标对照，中英文词源、例句和用法等。

中文词源

strike 碰，撞，击，打，踢，攻击，罢工

来自古英语 strican,轻触，抚摸，刮，来自 Proto-Germanic*strikana,轻触，刮，来自 PIE*streig, 刮，磨，轻触，词源同 streak,stroke.后词义由轻触过渡到猛击，踢打等。

英文词源

strike: strike: [OE] Strike comes from a prehistoric Germanic base which denoted ‘touch lightly’ – a sense which survived into English (‘That good horse blessed he then, and lovingly struck its mane’, Sir Ferumbras 1380). The more violent modern sense ‘hit hard’ did not begin to encroach until the 13th century. The related stroke retains the original meaning, but another relative, streak, has also lost it.

All three go back to West Germanic *strīk-, *straik-, which in turn were descended from the Indo-European base *strig-, *streig-, *stroig-, source of Latin strigilis ‘tool for scraping the skin after a bath’ (acquired by English as strigil [16]). The use of strike for ‘withdraw labour’ developed in the mid-18th century (it is first recorded in the Annual Register 1768: ‘This day the hatters struck, and refused to work till their wages are raised’).

It probably comes from the notion of ‘downing’ one’s tools, as in strike a sail ‘lower a sail’.
=> streak, strigil, stroke
strike (v.): Old English strican (past tense strac, past participle stricen) "pass lightly over, stroke, smooth, rub," also "go, move, proceed," from Proto-Germanic *strikan- (cognates: Old Norse strykva "to stroke," Old Frisian strika, Middle Dutch streken, Dutch strijken "to smooth, stroke, rub," Old High German strihhan, German streichen), from PIE root *streig- "to stroke, rub, press" (see strigil). Related to streak and stroke, and perhaps influenced in sense development by cognate Old Norse striuka.

Sense of "to deal a blow" developed by early 14c.; meaning "to collide" is from mid-14c.; that of "to hit with a missile" is from late 14c. Meaning "to cancel or expunge" (as with the stroke of a pen) is attested from late 14c. A Middle English sense is preserved in strike for "go toward." Sense of "come upon, find" is from 1835 (especially in mining, well-digging, etc., hence strike it rich, 1854). Baseball sense is from 1853. To strike a balance is from the sense "balance accounts" (1530s).

Meaning "refuse to work to force an employer to meet demands" is from 1768, perhaps from notion of striking or "downing" one's tools, or from sailors' practice of striking (lowering) a ship's sails as a symbol of refusal to go to sea (1768), which preserves the verb's original sense of "make level, smooth."
strike (n.): 1580s, "act of striking," from strike (v.). Meaning "concentrated cessation of work by a body of employees" is from 1810. Baseball sense is first recorded 1841, originally meaning any contact with the ball; modern sense developed by 1890s, apparently from foul strike, which counted against the batter, and as hit came to be used for "contact with the ball" this word was left for "a swing and a miss" that counts against the batter; figurative sense of have two strikes against (of a possible three) is from 1938. Bowling sense attested from 1859. Meaning "sudden military attack" is attested from 1942.

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例句和用法

1. The strike was called by the Lebanese Forces militia.: 罢工是黎巴嫩武装民兵召集的。

2. The strike has taken on overtones of a civil rights campaign.: 罢工带上了民权运动的意味。

3. He hoped to strike it rich by investing in ginseng.: 他希望通过投资人参发大财。

4. Northbridge is a cool, calculating and clever criminal who could strike again.: 诺思布里奇是个头脑冷静、诡计多端、阴险狡诈的罪犯，他可能还会犯案。

5. The rail strike is causing major disruptions at the country's ports.: 铁路罢工使该国港口陷入了一片混乱。