shot

英 [ʃɒt] 美 [ʃɑt]

CET4TEM4考研TOEFLCET6

解释

n. 发射；炮弹；射手；镜头
adj. 用尽的；破旧的；杂色的，闪光的
v. 射击（shoot的过去式和过去分词）

※ 提供单词"shot"的中文意思、发音示范及音标对照，中英文词源、例句和用法等。

中文词源

shot 射击，发射，拍照，铅沙弹，霰弹

来自 shoot 的过去分词形式，后形容词过名词使用。

英文词源

shot: shot: [OE] Shot goes back to a prehistoric Germanic *skutaz, which was derived from the same base that produced English shoot. It used to mean ‘payment’ as well as ‘act of shooting’, a sense shared by its Old Norse relative skot, which provided English with the scot of scotfree [16] (etymologically ‘without having to pay’).
=> scot-free, shoot
shot (n.): Old English scot, sceot "a shot, a shooting, an act of shooting; that which is discharged in shooting, what is shot forth; darting, rapid motion," from Proto-Germanic *skutan (cognates: Old Norse skutr, Old Frisian skete, Middle Dutch scote, German Schuß "a shot"), related to sceotan "to shoot" (see shoot (v.)).

Meaning "discharge of a bow, missile," also is from related Old English gesceot. Extended to other projectiles in Middle English, and to sports (hockey, basketball, etc.) 1868. Another original meaning, "payment" (perhaps literally "money thrown down") is preserved in scot-free. "Throwing down" might also have led to the meaning "a drink," first attested 1670s, the more precise meaning "small drink of straight liquor" by 1928 (shot glass by 1955). Camera view sense is from 1958. Sense of "hypodermic injection" first attested 1904; figurative phrase shot in the arm "stimulant" first recorded 1922. Meaning "try, attempt" is from 1756; sense of "remark meant to wound" is recorded from 1841. Meaning "an expert in shooting" is from 1780. To call the shots "control events, make decisions" is American English, 1922, perhaps from sport shooting. Shot in the dark "uninformed guess" is from 1885. Big shot "important person" is from 1861.
shot (adj.): early 15c., past participle adjective from shoot (v.). Meaning "wounded or killed by a bullet or other projectile" is from 1837. Figurative sense "ruined, worn out" is from 1833.

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例句和用法

1. You have to do everything you can. You have to work your hardest. And if you do, if you stay positive, then you have a shot at a silver lining.: 你必须全力以赴，最大限度地去努力。如果你这么做，并且保持乐观，你就会看见乌云背后的幸福线。

2. He was not a particularly good shot because of his eyesight.: 他视力不好，算不上是一个出色的射手。

3. I struck the ball cleanly and my shot was on target.: 我干脆利落地击球，命中了目标。

4. They had almost reached the boat when a figure shot past them.: 他们差不多快到船边时，一个人影从他们旁边飞奔而过。

5. The heavyweight champion will be given a shot at Holyfield's world title.: 这名重量级拳击冠军将尝试挑战霍利菲尔德的世界冠军头衔。