sheet

英 [ʃiːt] 美 [ʃit]

解释

n. 薄片，纸张；薄板；床单
vt. 覆盖；盖上被单；使成大片
vi. 成片流动；大片落下
adj. 片状的
n. (Sheet)人名；(英)希特

※ 提供单词"sheet"的中文意思、发音示范及音标对照，中英文词源、例句和用法等。

中文词源

sheet 床单，被单，纸张，薄片，薄板

来自古英语 scete,布，覆盖物，来自 Proto-Germanic*skauta,投掷，投射，来自 PIE*skeud,射出，发射，词源同 shoot,shot,shut.引申诸相关词义。词义演变比较 pork,猪肉，原义猪，字面意思为喜欢拱的动物，词源同 furrow,沟，垄。

英文词源

sheet: sheet: Sheet ‘cloth’ [OE] and sheet ‘rope attached to a sail’ [OE] are distinct words, although they have a common ancestor. This was the Germanic base *skaut-, *skut- ‘project’, which also produced English scot-free, scuttle ‘sink a ship’, shoot, shot, shout, shut, and skit. This produced two Old English nouns, scēte ‘cloth’ and scēata ‘sail-rope’, which have formally coalesced in modern English as sheet, but retained their distinctive meanings. (Sheet ‘cloth’ was not used specifically for ‘bed sheet’ until the 13th century.)
=> scot-free, scuttle, shoot, shot, shout, shut, skit
sheet (n.1): Old English sciete (West Saxon), scete (Mercian) "cloth, covering, towel, shroud," from Proto-Germanic *skautjon-, from *skauta- "project" (cognates: Old Norse skaut, Gothic skauts "seam, hem of a garment;" Dutch schoot; German Schoß "bosom, lap"), from PIE root *skeud- "to shoot, chase, throw" (see shoot (v.)).

Sense of "piece of paper" first recorded c. 1500; that of "any broad, flat surface" (of metal, open water, etc.) is from 1590s. Of falling rain from 1690s. Meaning "a newspaper" is first recorded 1749. Sheet lightning is attested from 1794; sheet music is from 1857. Between the sheets "in bed" (usually with sexual overtones) is attested from 1590s; to be white as a sheet is from 1751. The first element in sheet-anchor (late 15c.) appears to be a different word, of unknown origin.
sheet (n.2): "rope that controls a sail," late 13c., shortened from Old English sceatline "sheet-line," from sceata "lower part of sail," originally "piece of cloth," from same root as sheet (n.1). Compare Old Norse skaut, Dutch schoot, German Schote "rope fastened to a sail."

This probably is the notion in phrase three sheets to the wind "drunk and disorganized," first recorded 1812 (in form three sheets in the wind), an image of a sloop-rigged sailboat whose three sheets have slipped through the blocks are lost to the wind, thus "out of control." Apparently there was an early 19c. informal drunkenness scale in use among sailors and involving one, two, and three sheets, three signifying the highest degree of inebriation; there is a two sheets in the wind from 1813.
It must not be wondered at that the poor, untutored, savage Kentuckyan got "more than two thirds drunk," that is, as the sailors term it, three sheets in the wind and the fourth shivering, before the dinner was ended. [Niles' Weekly Register, May 2, 1812]

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例句和用法

1. Drop the dough onto a baking sheet with a teaspoon.: 用茶匙把生面团舀到烤盘上。

2. His head was swathed in bandages made from a torn sheet.: 他的头上缠满了一层层用床单撕成的绷带。

3. Under the newspaper, atop a sheet of paper, lay an envelope.: 在报纸下面的一张纸上放着一个信封。

4. Vinyl can be laid in sheet or tile form.: 塑料地板分为卷材和块材两种。

5. A gust of wind pried loose a section of sheet-metal roofing.: 一阵狂风把铺在屋顶上的一块金属片掀起来了。