scourge

英 [skɜːdʒ] 美 [skɝdʒ]

解释

vt. 鞭打；蹂躏；严斥；痛斥
n. 鞭；灾祸；鞭子；苦难的根源

※ 提供单词"scourge"的中文意思、发音示范及音标对照，中英文词源、例句和用法等。

中文词源

scourge 鞭子，鞭刑，灾害，祸害

来自盎格鲁法语 escorge,鞭子，来自古法语 escorgier,鞭打，鞭刑，可能来自拉丁语 excoriare, 剥皮，来自 ex-,向外，corium,皮肤，兽皮，来自 PIE*sker,砍，切，分开，词源同 shear,excoriate. 引申词义灾害，祸害。参照 Scourge of God,上帝之鞭，原指欧洲人对西汉时期入侵欧洲的匈奴王的称号，后指元朝时再次入侵欧洲的成吉思汗。

英文词源

scourge: scourge: [13] Scourge comes ultimately from a Latin word for a ‘long strip of leather’, corrigio, which itself was borrowed from Celtic. It had a number of specific applications, including ‘shoelace’, ‘rein’, and ‘whip’, and it was the last that formed the basis of the Vulgar Latin verb *excorrigiāre ‘whip’, which passed into English via Old French escorgier and its derived noun escorge.
scourge (n.): c. 1200, "a whip, lash," from Anglo-French escorge, back-formation from Old French escorgier "to whip," from Vulgar Latin *excorrigiare, from Latin ex- "out, off" (see ex-) + corrigia "thong, shoelace," in this case "whip," probably from a Gaulish word related to Old Irish cuimrech "fetter," from PIE root *reig- "to bind" (see rig (v.)). Figurative use from late 14c. Scourge of God, title given by later generations to Attila the Hun (406-453 C.E.), is attested from late 14c., from Latin flagellum Dei.
scourge (v.): c. 1300, "to whip," from Old French escorgier and from scourge (n.). Figurative meaning "to afflict" (often for the sake of punishment or purification) is from late 14c. Related: Scourged; scourging.

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例句和用法

1. Drugs are a scourge that is devastating our society.: 毒品是破坏我们社会的一大祸害。

2. The cruel captain used a scourge on his disobedient sailor.: 那残忍的船长鞭打不服从命令的水手.

3. After the scourge of war came the scourge of disease.: 战乱之后瘟疫接踵而来.

4. The scourge of racial tyranny should never again be allowed to raise its ugly head.: 永远不能让种族主义暴政的祸患重新抬头。

5. Farmers don't need much prompting to tell you that "flaming dog owners" are the scourge of their lives.: 不用怎么提示农场主们就会告诉你，“该死的养狗人”是他们生活的灾星。