science

英 ['saɪəns] 美 ['saɪəns]

解释

n. 科学；技术；学科；理科
n. (Science)人名；(英)赛恩斯

※ 提供单词"science"的中文意思、发音示范及音标对照，中英文词源、例句和用法等。

中文词源

science 知识，科学

来自古法语 science,知识，学习，习得，来自拉丁语 scientia,知识，学识，专长，来自 scire, 知道，了解，字面意思即区分，鉴别，来自 PIE*skei,砍，切，劈，分开，词源同 shed,shin,scythe. 词义演变比较 intelligence,智能，智商，原义为选择和区分的能力。后词义专门化为科学。

英文词源

science: science: [14] Etymologically, science simply means ‘knowledge’, for it comes via Old French science from Latin scientia, a noun formed from the present participle of the verb scīre ‘know’. It early on passed via ‘knowledge gained by study’ to a ‘particular branch of study’, but its modern connotations of technical, mathematical, or broadly ‘non-arts’ studies did not begin to emerge until the 18th century. The derivative scientist was coined in 1840 by William Whewell: ‘We need very much a name to describe a cultivator of science in general. I should incline to call him a Scientist’, Philosophy of the Inductive Sciences 1840.
=> conscious
science (n.): mid-14c., "what is known, knowledge (of something) acquired by study; information;" also "assurance of knowledge, certitude, certainty," from Old French science "knowledge, learning, application; corpus of human knowledge" (12c.), from Latin scientia "knowledge, a knowing; expertness," from sciens (genitive scientis) "intelligent, skilled," present participle of scire "to know," probably originally "to separate one thing from another, to distinguish," related to scindere "to cut, divide," from PIE root *skei- "to cut, to split" (cognates: Greek skhizein "to split, rend, cleave," Gothic skaidan, Old English sceadan "to divide, separate;" see shed (v.)).

From late 14c. in English as "book-learning," also "a particular branch of knowledge or of learning;" also "skillfulness, cleverness; craftiness." From c. 1400 as "experiential knowledge;" also "a skill, handicraft; a trade." From late 14c. as "collective human knowledge" (especially "that gained by systematic observation, experiment, and reasoning). Modern (restricted) sense of "body of regular or methodical observations or propositions concerning a particular subject or speculation" is attested from 1725; in 17c.-18c. this concept commonly was called philosophy. Sense of "non-arts studies" is attested from 1670s.
Science, since people must do it, is a socially embedded activity. It progresses by hunch, vision, and intuition. Much of its change through time does not record a closer approach to absolute truth, but the alteration of cultural contexts that influence it so strongly. Facts are not pure and unsullied bits of information; culture also influences what we see and how we see it. Theories, moreover, are not inexorable inductions from facts. The most creative theories are often imaginative visions imposed upon facts; the source of imagination is also strongly cultural. [Stephen Jay Gould, introduction to "The Mismeasure of Man," 1981]

In science you must not talk before you know. In art you must not talk before you do. In literature you must not talk before you think. [John Ruskin, "The Eagle's Nest," 1872]
The distinction is commonly understood as between theoretical truth (Greek episteme) and methods for effecting practical results (tekhne), but science sometimes is used for practical applications and art for applications of skill. To blind (someone) with science "confuse by the use of big words or complex explanations" is attested from 1937, originally noted as a phrase from Australia and New Zealand.

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例句和用法

1. The term Wissenschaft has a much broader meaning than the English word "science".: Wissenschaft这个术语比英语词science含义更广。

2. She was Dean of the Science faculty at Sophia University.: 她是上智大学科学院的院长。

3. Social science is a collective name, covering a series of individual sciences.: 社会科学是一个统称，涵盖一系列的独立学科。

4. The fear is that science could become the handmaiden of industry.: 人们担心的是科学会成为工业的仆人。

5. Physics isn't just about pure science with no immediate applications.: 物理学并非只是一门不能直接运用的纯科学。