pound

英 [paʊnd] 美 [paʊnd]

CET4TEM4考研TOEFLCET6

解释

n. 英镑；重击，重击声；兽栏；拘留所
vt. 捣烂；敲打；监禁，拘留
vi. 连续重击，猛击
n. (Pound)人名；(英)庞德

※ 提供单词"pound"的中文意思、发音示范及音标对照，中英文词源、例句和用法等。

中文词源

pound 英磅，磅

来自古英语pund,磅，英磅，来自Proto-Germanic*punda,磅，借自拉丁语pondo,重量，来自pendere,悬挂，称量，词源同pendulum,ponder.

pound 砰，捣碎，狂轰滥炸

来自古英语punian,击打，粉碎，来自West-Germanic*puno,击打，击碎，可能来自拟声词。插入字母d,比较sonar,sound.

pound 畜栏，围栏，拦河坝，池塘

词源不确定，仅存在于古英语复合词，如pundfald,畜栏，围栏，词源同古英语词pyndan,关闭，筑坝，围水，pond,池塘。最终词源可能同bend.。

英文词源

pound: pound: English has three distinct words pound. The measure of weight and unit of currency [OE] goes back ultimately to Latin pondō ‘12- ounce weight’, a relative of pondus ‘weight’ (source of English ponder) and pendere ‘weigh’ (source of English pension and poise). It was borrowed into prehistoric Germanic as *pundo, which has evolved into German pfund.

Dutch pond, Swedish pund, and English pound. Its monetary use comes from the notion of a ‘pound’ weight of silver. Pound ‘enclosure’ [14] is of unknown origin. It existed in Old English times in the compound pundfald, which has become modern English pinfold, and pond is a variant form of it. Pound ‘crush’ [OE] is almost equally mysterious.

In Old English it was pūnian (it did not acquire its final d until the 16th century, in fact), and it has been traced back to a Germanic *pūn-, which also produced Dutch puin ‘rubbish’.
=> pendant, pension, poise, ponder; pinfold, pond
pound (n.1): measure of weight, Old English pund "pound" (in weight or money), also "pint," from Proto-Germanic *punda- "pound" as a measure of weight (source of Gothic pund, Old High German phunt, German Pfund, Middle Dutch pont, Old Frisian and Old Norse pund), early borrowing from Latin pondo "pound," originally in libra pondo "a pound by weight," from pondo (adv.) "by weight," ablative of *pondus "weight" (see span (v.)). Meaning "unit of money" was in Old English, originally "pound of silver."

At first "12 ounces;" meaning "16 ounces" was established before late 14c. Pound cake (1747) so called because it has a pound, more or less, of each ingredient. Pound of flesh is from "Merchant of Venice" IV.i. The abbreviations lb., £ are from libra, and reflect the medieval custom of keeping accounts in Latin.
pound (n.2): "enclosed place for animals," late 14c., from a late Old English word attested in compounds (such as pundfald "penfold, pound"), related to pyndan "to dam up, enclose (water)," and thus from the same root as pond. Ultimate origin unknown; some sources indicate a possible root *bend meaning "protruding point" found only in Celtic and Germanic.
pound (v.): "hit repeatedly," from Middle English pounen, from Old English punian "crush, pulverize, beat, bruise," from West Germanic *puno- (cognates: Low German pun, Dutch puin "fragments"). With intrusive -d- from 16c. Sense of "beat, thrash" is from 1790. Related: Pounded; pounding.

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例句和用法

1. The one thousand pound bomb was triggered by a wire.: 那颗重达1,000磅的炸弹是由一根导线引爆的。

2. There was a sharp fall in the value of the pound.: 英镑大幅贬值。

3. The drop was caused partly by the pound's strength against the dollar.: 下降的部分原因在于英镑对美元的升值。

4. Beef now costs well over 30 roubles a pound.: 牛肉现在卖到了每磅30多卢布。

5. Integrating the pound with other European currencies could cause difficulties.: 把英镑与欧洲其他货币合并会引发许多难题。