plague

英 [pleɪg] 美 [pleɡ]

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解释

n. 瘟疫；灾祸；麻烦；讨厌的人
vt. 折磨；使苦恼；使得灾祸

※ 提供单词"plague"的中文意思、发音示范及音标对照，中英文词源、例句和用法等。

中文词源

plague 瘟疫，祸患

来自拉丁语plaga,瘟疫，灾害，来自plangere,击，打，哀伤，捶胸顿足，来自PIE*plak,击，打，捶胸，可能来自声词，捶胸哀叹的声音，词源同plangent,apoplexy.比喻用法。

英文词源

plague: plague: [14] Etymologically, plague means a ‘blow’ or ‘stroke’. It goes back to the same prehistoric base, *plag- ‘hit’, as produced Latin plangere ‘beat’ (source of English complain, plaintiff [14], plaintive [14], and plangent [19] – which originally denoted the sound of waves ‘beating’ against the shore) and English plankton.

From this was derived Greek plāgá ‘blow’, which was borrowed into Latin as plāga ‘blow’, hence ‘wound’. In the Vulgate it was used for an ‘infectious disease’, and was borrowed in this sense (as well as the now defunct ‘blow’) via Old French into English. (*Plak-, a parallel form to *plag-, lies behind English apoplexy and plectrum [17].)
=> apoplexy, complain, plaintive, plangent, plankton, plectrum
plague (n.): late 14c., plage, "affliction, calamity, evil, scourge;" early 15c., "malignant disease," from Old French plage (14c.), from Late Latin plaga, used in Vulgate for "pestilence," from Latin plaga "stroke, wound," probably from root of plangere "to strike, lament (by beating the breast)," from or cognate with Greek (Doric) plaga "blow," from PIE *plak- (2) "to strike, to hit" (cognates: Greek plazein "to drive away," plessein "to beat, strike;" Old English flocan "to strike, beat;" Gothic flokan "to bewail;" German fluchen, Old Frisian floka "to curse").

The Latin word also is the source of Old Irish plag (genitive plaige) "plague, pestilence," German Plage, Dutch plaage. Meaning "epidemic that causes many deaths" is from 1540s; specifically in reference to bubonic plague from c. 1600. Modern spelling follows French, which had plague from 15c. Weakened sense of "anything annoying" is from c. 1600.
plague (v.): late 15c., from Middle Dutch plaghen, from plaghe (n.) "plague" (see plague (n.)). Sense of "bother, annoy" it is first recorded 1590s. Related: Plagued; plaguing.

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例句和用法

1. Last year there was a plague of robbery and housebreaking.: 去年抢劫和入室行窃成灾。

2. A plague on you and your damned percentages!: 你和你该死的百分比都见鬼去吧！

3. I normally avoid cheap wine like the plague.: 我一般对廉价的葡萄酒敬而远之。

4. Inflation will remain a recurrent plague.: 通货膨胀将继续成为周期性的烦扰。

5. an outbreak of plague: 鼠疫的爆发