municipal

英 [mjʊ'nɪsɪp(ə)l] 美 [mju'nɪsɪpl]

解释

adj. 市政的，市的；地方自治的

※ 提供单词"municipal"的中文意思、发音示范及音标对照，中英文词源、例句和用法等。

中文词源

municipal 市政的，市政当局的，地方自治的

来自拉丁语municeps,市民，自治镇公民，来自munus,共同职责，共同责任，相互给予，礼物，来自PIE*mei,交换，改变，词源同common,mutual.-cep,承担，词源同capable,accept.该词原指古罗马时期享有罗马公民的特权但是按照自己的法律进行管理的特别自治镇。后词义通用化，引申词义市政的，市政当局的。

英文词源

municipal: municipal: [16] Latin mūnus meant ‘office, duty, gift’. Combined with -ceps ‘taker’ (a derivative of the verb capere ‘take’, source of English capture) it formed mūniceps, which denoted a ‘citizen of a Roman city (known as a mūnicipium) whose inhabitants had Roman citizenship but could not be magistrates’. From mūnicipium was derived the adjective mūnicipālis, source of English municipal; this was originally used for ‘of the internal affairs of a state, domestic’, and the modern application to the sphere of local government did not emerge strongly until the 19th century.

The stem of Latin mūnus also crops up in commūnis (source of English common), and so community and municipality are etymologically related. Mūnus in the later sense ‘gift’ formed the basis of the Latin adjective mūnificus ‘giving gifts’, hence ‘generous’, from which ultimately English gets munificent [16].
=> capture, common
municipal (adj.): 1540s, from Middle French municipal, from Latin municipalis "of a citizen of a free town, of a free town," also "of a petty town, provincial," from municipium "free town, city whose citizens have the privileges of Roman citizens but are governed by their own laws," from municeps "citizen, inhabitant of a free town." Second element is root of capere "assume, take" (see capable). First element is from munus (plural munia) "service performed for the community, duty, work," also "public spectacle paid for by the magistrate, (gladiatorial) entertainment, gift," from Old Latin moenus "service, duty, burden," from PIE *moi-n-es-, generally taken as a suffixed form of root *mei- (1) "to change, go, move" (Watkins; see mutable); but Tucker says "more probably" from the other PIE root *mei- meaning "bind," so that munia = "obligations" and communis = "bound together."

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例句和用法

1. The decor was reminiscent of a municipal arts-and-leisure centre.: 这种布置让人想起都市里的艺术休闲中心。

2. The municipal authorities have kept the roads up well.: 市政当局把道路保养得不错.

3. The city is planning to build a municipal library.: 该市正计划建一座市立图书馆.

4. He works in the municipal government.: 他在市政府工作.

5. Islanders have campaigned for the abolition of one of the three tiers of municipal power on the island.: 岛上居民发起一场运动，要求废除岛上三级市政管理层中的一级。