minister

英 ['mɪnɪstə] 美 ['mɪnɪstɚ]

CET4TEM4IELTS考研CET6

解释

n. 部长；大臣；牧师
vi. 执行牧师职务；辅助或伺候某人

※ 提供单词"minister"的中文意思、发音示范及音标对照，中英文词源、例句和用法等。

中文词源

minister 部长，大臣

来自古法语menistre,仆人，奴才，管家，臣子，来自拉丁语minister,仆人，下属，下等人，来自minus,下等的，次等的，-ter,比较级后缀。后用于指现代政府的部长，大臣。比较marshall.

minister 部长，大臣

英文词源

minister: minister: [13] Etymologically, a minister is a person of ‘lower’ status, a ‘servant’. The word goes back via Old French ministre to Latin minister ‘servant, attendant’, which was derived from minus ‘less’. It retained this meaning when it arrived in English, and indeed it still survives in the verb minister. But already by the Middle Ages a specialized application to a ‘church functionary’ had developed, and in the 16th century this hardened into the present-day ‘clergyman’.

The political sense of the word developed in the 17th century, from the notion of a ‘servant’ of the crown. Derivatives from other languages to have established themselves in English include métier [18], which came via French from Vulgar Latin *misterium, an alteration of Latin ministerium ‘service’ (source of English ministry [14]), and minstrel.

And etymologically, minister is the antonym of master, whose Latin ancestor was based on magis ‘more’.
=> métier, minstrel, minus
minister (v.): early 14c., "to perform religious rites, provide religious services;" mid-14c., "to serve (food or drink);" late 14c. "render service or aid," from Old French menistrer "to serve, be of service, administer, attend, wait on," and directly from Latin ministrare "to serve, attend, wait upon" (see minister (n.)). Related: Ministered; ministering.
minister (n.): c. 1300, "one who acts upon the authority of another," from Old French menistre "servant, valet, member of a household staff, administrator, musician, minstrel" (12c.), from Latin minister (genitive ministri) "inferior, servant, priest's assistant" (in Medieval Latin, "priest"), from minus, minor "less," hence "subordinate," (see minus) + comparative suffix *-teros. Formed on model of magister. Meaning "priest" is attested in English from early 14c. Political sense of "high officer of the state" is attested from 1620s, from notion of "service to the crown."

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例句和用法

1. The Prime Minister has been briefed by her parliamentary aides.: 首相已听取了她议会助手的简要汇报。

2. The carpet was a wedding present from the Prime Minister.: 这张地毯是首相送的结婚礼物。

3. There is good news of a kind for the Prime Minister.: 对总理来说也算是有个好消息。

4. The Prime Minister has promised that Israel will play a constructive role.: 首相承诺以色列将发挥积极的作用。

5. He put the case to the Saudi Foreign Minister.: 他把这起事件向沙特外长作了说明。