mess

英 [mes] 美 [mɛs]

CET4TEM4IELTS考研CET6

解释

n. 混乱；食堂，伙食团；困境；脏乱的东西
vt. 弄乱，弄脏；毁坏；使就餐
vi. 把事情弄糟；制造脏乱；玩弄
n. (Mess)人名；(德、罗)梅斯

※ 提供单词"mess"的中文意思、发音示范及音标对照，中英文词源、例句和用法等。

中文词源

mess 军队的食堂，餐厅，肮脏，杂乱

来自古法语mes,一份食物，就餐，来自拉丁语mittere,放置，送出，词源同mission,emit.引申词义吃饭的地方，尤指部队餐厅。后用于指倒剩饭剩菜的地方，猪食等，并最终引申词义肮脏，杂乱等词义。

英文词源

mess: mess: [13] Mess comes via Old French mes from late Latin missus, a derivative of the verb mittere ‘send’ (source of English admit, mission, transmit, etc). This meant ‘sending, placement’, and its original metaphorical application was to a ‘round or heat of a contest’, but it was also used for a ‘course of a meal’, and this was the sense in which it originally entered English.

Traces of the food connection survive in the mess of pottage (literally a ‘dish of porridge or gruel’ made from lentils) for which Esau sold his birthright to Jacob, and in the sense ‘communal eating place’ (as in ‘sergeants’ mess’), which developed in the 16th century. But the main present-day meaning, ‘disorderly thing or condition’, did not emerge until as recently as the 19th century, apparently based on the notion of a mess as a ‘dish of assorted foodstuffs dumped unceremoniously and without thought on to a plate’.
=> admit, commit, mission, permit, transmit
mess (n.): c. 1300, "food for one meal, pottage," from Old French mes "portion of food, course at dinner," from Late Latin missus "course at dinner," literally "a placing, a putting (on a table, etc.)," from past participle of mittere "to put, place," in classical Latin "to send, let go" (see mission).

Meaning "communal eating place" (especially a military one) is first attested 1530s, from earlier sense of "company of persons eating together" (early 15c.), originally a group of four. Sense of "mixed food," especially for animals, (1738) led to contemptuous use for "jumble, mixed mass" (1828) and figurative sense of "state of confusion" (1834), as well as "condition of untidiness" (1851). General use for "a quantity" of anything is attested by 1830. Meaning "excrement" (of animals) is from 1903.
mess (v.): late 14c., "serve up in portions," from mess (n.). Meaning "take one's meals" is from 1701; that of "make a mess" is from 1853. Related: Messed; messing. To mess with "interfere, get involved" is from 1903; mess up "make a mistake, get in trouble" is from 1933 (earlier "make a mess of," 1909), both originally American English colloquial.

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例句和用法

1. England's European Championship plans are in a right mess.: 英格兰队的欧洲锦标赛作战计划乱七八糟。

2. A waiter mopped up the mess as best he could.: 一名侍者尽力抹掉溅出的食物。

3. Except for the remarkably tidy kitchen, the place was a mess.: 除了厨房特别干净外，这地方一片狼藉。

4. The wrong shampoo can leave curly hair in a tangled mess.: 不合适的洗发水会使卷发纠结成乱糟糟的一团。

5. I have to get to the bottom of this mess.: 我必须查清造成这一混乱局面的真正原因。