list

英 [lɪst] 美 [lɪst]

CET4TEM4GRE考研CET6

解释

n. [计] 列表；清单；目录
vi. 列于表上
vt. 列出；记入名单内
n. (List)人名；(匈)李斯特；(英、德、法、西、捷)利斯特

※ 提供单词"list"的中文意思、发音示范及音标对照，中英文词源、例句和用法等。

中文词源

list 清单，目录

来自中古英语liste,布条，带子，来自PIE*leizd,带子，可能进一步来自PIE*skel,切，割，词源同scale,shell.由布条引申词义纸片，清单，目录。

英文词源

list: list: Over the centuries, English has had no fewer than five different words list, only two of which are now in everyday common usage. List ‘catalogue’ [17] was borrowed from French liste ‘band, border, strip of paper, catalogue’. This goes back to a prehistoric Germanic *līstōn, source also of English list ‘border, strip’ [OE], which now survives only in the plural lists ‘tournament arena’. List ‘tilt’ [17] is of unknown origin. List ‘listen’ [OE], which goes back to Indo-European *klu-, has been replaced by the related listen.

And the archaic list ‘desire’ [OE] (source of listless [15]) goes back to the same source as lust.
=> listless, lust
list (n.2): "a narrow strip," Old English liste "border, hem, edge, strip," from Proto-Germanic *liston (cognates: Old High German lista "strip, border, list," Old Norse lista "border, selvage,"German leiste), from PIE *leizd- "border, band" (see list (n.1)). The Germanic root also is the source of French liste, Italian lista. This was the source of archaic lists "place of combat," originally at the boundary of fields.
list (n.1): "catalogue consisting of names in a row or series," c. 1600, from Middle English liste "border, edging, stripe" (late 13c.), from Old French liste "border, band, row, group," also "strip of paper," or from Old Italian lista "border, strip of paper, list," both from a Germanic source (compare Old High German lista "strip, border, list," Old Norse lista "border, selvage," Old English liste "border"), from Proto-Germanic *liston, from PIE *leizd- "border, band." The sense of "enumeration" is from strips of paper used as a sort of catalogue.
list (v.1): "tilt, lean," especially of a ship, 1880, earlier (1620s) lust, of unknown origin, perhaps an unexplained spelling variant of Middle English lysten "to please, desire, wish, like" (see list (v.4)) with a sense development from the notion of "leaning" toward what one desires (compare incline). Related: Listed; listing. The noun in this sense is from 1630s.
list (v.4): "to be pleased, desire" (archaic), mid-12c., lusten, listen "to please, desire," from Old English lystan "to please, cause pleasure or desire, provoke longing," from Proto-Germanic *lustijan (cognates: Old Saxon lustian, Dutch lusten "to like, fancy," Old High German lusten, German lüsten, Old Norse lysta); from the root of lust (n.). Related: Listed; listing. As a noun, c. 1200, from the verb. Somehow English has lost listy (adj.) "pleasant, willing (to do something); ready, quick" (mid-15c.).
list (v.2): "hear, hearken," now poetic or obsolete, from Old English hlystan "hear, hearken," from hlyst "hearing," from Proto-Germanic *khlustiz, from PIE *kleu- "to hear" (see listen). Related: Listed; listing.
list (v.3): "to put down in a list; to make a list of," 1610s, from list (n.1). Meaning "to place real estate on the market" is from 1904. Attested from c. 1300 as "put an edge around," from list (n.2). Related: Listed; listing.

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例句和用法

1. A list of items is repeatedly flashed up on the screen.: 一个选项列表反复出现在屏幕上。

2. The duke was surprised by his wife's omission from the guest list.: 公爵对他的夫人未在获邀宾客之列感到意外。

3. Every care has been taken in compiling this list.: 汇编这份清单时考虑得很充分。

4. Now what about that shopping list? I've got to get going.: 那张购物清单呢？我得出发了。

5. He had been on the Nobel Prize committee's list of possibles.: 他在诺贝尔委员会列出的获奖候选者名单之列.