heel

英 [hiːl] 美 [hil]

CET4TEM4考研TOEFLCET6

解释

n. 脚后跟；踵
vt. 倾侧
vi. 倾侧
n. (Heel)人名；(德)黑尔

※ 提供单词"heel"的中文意思、发音示范及音标对照，中英文词源、例句和用法等。

中文词源

heel 脚跟

来自PIE*kenk,弯，转，膝弯，脚弯，词源同hock,kink,-el,小词后缀。引申词义脚跟。拼写比较nail,tile.

英文词源

heel: heel: English has two separate words heel. The one that names the rear part of the foot [OE] comes ultimately from Germanic *khangkh-, which also produced English hock ‘quadruped’s joint corresponding to the human ankle’. From it was derived *khākhil-, source of Dutch hiel, Swedish häl, Danish hæl, and English heel. Heel ‘tilt, list’ [16] is probably descended from the Old English verb hieldan ‘incline’ (which survived dialectally into the 19th century), its -d mistaken as a past tense or past participle ending and removed to form a new infinitive. Hieldan itself came ultimately from the prehistoric Germanic adjective *khalthaz ‘inclined’.
=> hock
heel (n.1): "back of the foot," Old English hela, from Proto-Germanic *hanhilon (cognates: Old Norse hæll, Old Frisian hel, Dutch hiel), from PIE *kenk- (3) "heel, bend of the knee" (source also of Old English hoh "hock").

Meaning "back of a shoe or boot" is c. 1400. Down at heels (1732) refers to heels of boots or shoes worn down and the owner too poor to replace them. For Achilles' heel "only vulnerable spot" see Achilles. To "fight with (one's) heels" (fighten with heles) in Middle English meant "to run away."
heel (v.2): "to lean to one side," in reference to a ship, Old English hieldan "incline, lean, slope," from Proto-Germanic *helthijan (cognates: Middle Dutch helden "to lean," Dutch hellen, Old Norse hallr "inclined," Old High German halda, German halde "slope, declivity"). Re-spelled 16c. from Middle English hield, probably by misinterpretation of -d as a past tense suffix.
heel (n.2): "contemptible person," 1914 in U.S. underworld slang, originally "incompetent or worthless criminal," perhaps from a sense of "person in the lowest position" and thus from heel (n.1).
heel (v.1): of a dog, "to follow or stop at a person's heels," 1810, from heel (n.1). Also see heeled.

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例句和用法

1. With a snarl, the second dog made a dive for his heel.: 伴着一声嗥叫，第二只狗扑向了他的脚后跟。

2. Horton's Achilles heel was that he could not delegate.: 霍顿的软肋在于他不懂得放权。

3. She snagged a heel on a root and tumbled to the ground.: 她脚后跟被一个树根绊了一下，踉踉跄跄地摔倒在地上。

4. He simply turned on his heel and walked away.: 他突然就转身走开了。

5. Her dog yelped and came to heel.: 她的狗汪地叫了一声，紧跟了上来。