harness

英 ['hɑːnɪs] 美 ['hɑrnɪs]

CET4TEM8IELTSGRE考研TOEFLCET6

解释

vt. 治理；套；驾驭；披上甲胄；利用
n. 马具；甲胄；挽具状带子；降落伞背带

※ 提供单词"harness"的中文意思、发音示范及音标对照，中英文词源、例句和用法等。

中文词源

harness 马具，挽具，控制，利用

来自古法语harnois,武器，装备，可能来自herr,军队，词源同harry,here,拼写受名词后缀-ness影响俗化。后由于战马的重要性引申词义马具，换具，以及动词词义控制马或其它家畜，现多用于指控制和利用自然。

英文词源

harness: harness: [13] Etymologically, harness is ‘equipment for an army’. It comes via Old French herneis ‘military equipment’ from an unrecorded Old Norse *hernest, a compound formed from herr ‘army’ (a descendant of prehistoric Germanic *kharjaz ‘crowd’ and related to English harangue, harbinger, harbour, and harry) and nest ‘provisions’.

English took it over in the general sense ‘equipment’, and did not apply it specifically to the straps, buckles, etc of a horse until the 14th century (it was originally used for any equestrian equipment, including reins, saddles, etc, but now it denotes exclusively the gear of a draught horse).
=> harangue, harbinger, harbour, harry, herald
harness (n.): c. 1300, "personal fighting equipment, body armor," also "armor or trappings of a war-horse," from Old French harnois, a noun of broad meaning: "arms, equipment; harness; male genitalia; tackle; household equipment" (12c.), of uncertain origin, perhaps from Old Norse *hernest "provisions for an army," from herr "army" (see harry (v.)) + nest "provisions" (see nostalgia). Non-military sense of "fittings for a beast of burden" is from early 14c. German Harnisch "harness, armor" is the French word, borrowed into Middle High German. The Celtic words are believed to be also from French, as are Spanish arnes, Portuguese arnez, Italian arnese. Prive harness (late 14c.) was a Middle English term for "sex organs."
harness (v.): "to put a harness on a draught animal," c. 1300, from Old French harneschier "make ready, equip, arm," from harnois (see harness (n.)); figurative sense "to control for use as power" is from 1690s. Related: Harnessed; harnessing.

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例句和用法

1. He was almost strangled by his parachute harness straps.: 他差点被自己的降落伞吊带勒死。

2. The vet had improvised a harness.: 兽医临时凑成了一副马具。

3. to harness a horse: 给马上挽具

4. Scientists have known how to harness the limitless power of the sun.: 科学家们已知道如何利用无穷尽的太阳能.

5. The brothers work in double harness.: 哥俩一起工作.