guest

英 [gest] 美 [ɡɛst]

CET4TEM4考研CET6

解释

n. 客人，宾客；顾客
vt. 款待，招待
vi. 作客，寄宿
adj. 客人的；特邀的，客座的
n. (Guest)人名；(英)格斯特

※ 提供单词"guest"的中文意思、发音示范及音标对照，中英文词源、例句和用法等。

中文词源

guest 客人

来自PIE*ghos, 陌生人，客人，词源同host, hospitable.

英文词源

guest: guest: [13] Guest comes ultimately from the same source as produced host. Their family tree diverged in prehistoric times, but their close relationship is pointed up by the fact that the related French hôte means both ‘guest’ and ‘host’. The common ancestor was Indo- European *ghostis ‘stranger’, whose Germanic descendant *gastiz produced German and Dutch gast, Swedish gäst, Danish gæst, and English guest.

The Old English version of the word was giest, which would have produced modern English *yest, but it was elbowed out in Middle English times by Old Norse gestr. The spelling gu-, indicating a hard /g/ sound, developed in the 16th century.
=> host, xenophobia
guest (n.): Old English gæst, giest (Anglian gest) "an accidental guest, a chance comer, a stranger," from Proto-Germanic *gastiz (cognates: Old Frisian jest, Dutch gast, German Gast, Gothic gasts "guest," originally "stranger"), from PIE root *ghos-ti- "stranger, guest; host" (cognates: Latin hostis, in earlier use "a stranger," in classical use "an enemy," hospes "host," from *hosti-potis "host, guest," originally "lord of strangers;" Greek xenos "guest, host, stranger;" Old Church Slavonic gosti "guest, friend," gospodi "lord, master"); the root sense, according to Watkins, probably is "someone with whom one has reciprocal duties of hospitality," representing "a mutual exchange relationship highly important to ancient Indo-European society." But as strangers are potential enemies as well as guests, the word has a forked path.

Spelling evolution influenced by Old Norse cognate gestr (the usual sound changes from the Old English word would have yielded Modern English *yest). Meaning "person entertained for pay" (at an inn, etc.) is from late 13c. Old English also had cuma "stranger, guest," literally "a comer." Phrase be my guest in the sense of "go right ahead" first recorded 1955.
guest (v.): early 14c., "receive as a guest;" 1610s, "be a guest;" 1936, American English, "appear as a guest performer," from guest (n.). Related: Guested; guesting.

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例句和用法

1. The duke was surprised by his wife's omission from the guest list.: 公爵对他的夫人未在获邀宾客之列感到意外。

2. Murray was a guest on a live radio show.: 默里在一个直播的电台节目里当嘉宾。

3. The boy's room is a complete contrast to the guest room.: 这个男孩的房间和客房截然不同。

4. She has been deliberately left off the guest list.: 她被故意排除在嘉宾名单之外。

5. Hospitality at the Presidential guest house was graciously declined.: 安排下榻总统宾馆的接待被婉拒了。