forfeit

英 ['fɔːfɪt] 美 ['fɔrfət]

CET6TEM8IELTSGRE

解释

n. 罚金；没收物；丧失的东西
adj. 因受罚而丧失的；被没收的
vt. （因犯罪、失职、违约等）丧失（权利、名誉、生命等）

※ 提供单词"forfeit"的中文意思、发音示范及音标对照，中英文词源、例句和用法等。

中文词源

forfeit 被没收，罚金

for-, 在外面，超过，词源同foreign. -feit, 做，词源同fact.原义为做过头的，越界的，衍生词义犯罪，处罚，没收。

英文词源

forfeit: forfeit: [13] A forfeit was originally a ‘transgression’ or ‘misdemeanour’. The word comes from Old French forfet, a derivative of the verb forfaire or forsfaire ‘commit a crime’. This was a compound formed from fors- ‘beyond (what is permitted or legal)’, which is descended from Latin forīs ‘outdoor, outside’ (source of English forest and related to foreign), and faire ‘do, act’, which came from Latin facere (whence English fact, fashion, feature, etc).

The etymological meaning ‘misdeed’ was originally taken over from Old French into Middle English (‘Peter was in hand nummen [taken] for forfait he had done’, Cursor mundi 1300), but by the 15th century it was being edged out by ‘penalty imposed for committing such a misdeed’.
=> door, fact, factory, fashion, forest, foreign
forfeit (n.): late 14c., forfet, "misdeed, offense against established authority," also "something to which the right is lost through a misdeed," from Old French forfet, forfait "crime, punishable offense" (12c.), originally past participle of forfaire "transgress," from for- "outside, beyond" (from Latin foris; see foreign) + faire "to do" (from Latin facere; see factitious). A French version of Medieval Latin foris factum; the notion perhaps is to "do too much, go beyond (what is right)." As an adjective from late 14c., from Old French forfait. Compare foreclose.
forfeit (v.): mid-14c., " transgress, offend, misbehave;" late 14c., "to lose by misconduct," from forfeit (n.) or from Anglo-French forfet, Old French forfait, past participle of forfaire. Related: Forfeited; forfeits; forfeiting.

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例句和用法

1. He was ordered to forfeit more than £1.5m in profits.: 下令没收了他150多万英镑的盈利。

2. That is the forfeit he must pay.: 这是他必须付的罚金。

3. If you cancel your flight, you will forfeit your deposit.: 乘客取消航班订位，定金概不退还。

4. Her health was the forfeIt'she paid for working too hard.: 她的健康的丧失是辛劳过度所致.

5. Do you think that they would forfeit profit in the name of safety?: 你认为他们会为了安全而放弃利润吗？