abandon

英 [ə'bænd(ə)n] 美 [ə'bændən]

解释

n. 狂热；放任
vt. 遗弃；放弃

※ 提供单词"abandon"的中文意思、发音示范及音标对照，中英文词源、例句和用法等。

中文词源

来自古法语短语 à bandon，由 à（at，to）+ bandon（权力，管辖权）组成，字面意思就是“使自己处于……的管辖之下”，常用来表示放弃自己的权利、独立性或应尽的义务。其中法语单词 bandon（权力）与英语单词 ban（禁令）有关，而 ban 原本指的是封建领主在自己的领地上拥有管辖权，可以发布公告，要求或禁止人们做什么。同源词：ban（禁令），banish（放逐），bandit（强盗、法外之徒），contraband（走私、禁运品），banns（结婚预告）。

英文词源

abandon: abandon: [14] The Old French verb abandoner is the source of abandon. It was based on a bandon, meaning literally ‘under control or jurisdiction’, which was used in the phrase mettre a bandon ‘put someone under someone else’s control’ – hence ‘abandon them’. The word bandon came, in altered form, from Latin bannum ‘proclamation’, which is circuitously related to English banns ‘proclamation of marriage’ and is an ancestor of contraband.
=> banns, contraband
abandon (v.): late 14c., "to give up, surrender (oneself or something), give over utterly; to yield (oneself) utterly (to religion, fornication, etc.)," from Old French abandoner (12c.), from adverbial phrase à bandon "at will, at discretion," from à "at, to" (see ad-) + bandon "power, jurisdiction," from Latin bannum, "proclamation," from a Frankish word related to ban (v.).
Mettre sa forest à bandon was a feudal law phrase in the 13th cent. = mettre sa forêt à permission, i.e. to open it freely to any one for pasture or to cut wood in; hence the later sense of giving up one's rights for a time, letting go, leaving, abandoning. [Auguste Brachet, "An Etymological Dictionary of the French Language," transl. G.W. Kitchin, Oxford, 1878]
Etymologically, the word carries a sense of "put someone under someone else's control." Meaning "to give up absolutely" is from late 14c. Related: Abandoned; abandoning.
abandon (n.): "a letting loose, surrender to natural impulses," 1822, from a sense in French abandon (see abandon (v.). Borrowed earlier (c. 1400) from French in a sense "(someone's) control;" and compare Middle English adverbial phrase at abandon, i.e. "recklessly," attested from late 14c.

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例句和用法

1. The officers and crew prepared to abandon ship in an orderly fashion.: 全体船员秩序井然地准备弃船。

2. The market might abandon the stock, and knock down its price.: 市场可能会抛售该股票，从而令其股价下跌。

3. The scheme's investors, fearful of bankruptcy, decided to abandon the project.: 因为担心破产，该计划的投资者决定放弃这个项目。

4. Their decision to abandon the trip was made because of financial constraints.: 他们决定放弃这次出游是因为财力有限。

5. Abandon hope all ye who enter here.: 汝等进入此地，须弃绝希望。